Investigation of ancestral alleles in the Bovinae subfamily

Abstract Background In evolutionary theory, divergence and speciation can arise from long periods of reproductive isolation, genetic mutation, selection environmental adaptation. After divergence, alleles either persist in their initial state (ancestral allele - AA), co-exist or be replaced by a mutated (derived -DA). this study, we aligned whole genome sequences individuals the Bovinae subfamily to cattle reference (ARS.UCD-1.2) for defining ancestral necessary signatures study. Results Accommodating independent divergent each lineage state, AA were defined based on fixed at least two groups yak, bison gayal-gaur-banteng resulting ~ 32.4 million variants. Using non-overlapping scanning windows 10 Kb, counted observed within taurine zebu cattle. We focused extreme points, regions with top 0. 1% (high count) without any occurrence (null count). High count preserved gene functions states that are still beneficial current condition, while null counts linked ones. For both cattle, high associated basal lipid metabolism, essential survival various pressures. Mutated productive traits taurine, i.e. higher cell development behaviors immune response domain zebu. Conclusions Our findings suggest retaining losing some varied made it species-specific possibility overlapping as depends selective pressure they had experience.